ARTICLES
Practical Kidney Education Built for You

There is a particular cruelty in poisons that announce themselves slowly. Like a slow, known attack that you may see coming on, but cannot do anything about… a cancer of sorts. Unlike the dramatic presentation of acute toxicity—the seizure, the organ failure, the unmistakable collapse—chronic low-level contamination operates in a register barely perceptible to the patient and often invisible to the clinician. Heavy metals and microplastics are two of the most consequential ex

The mitochondria, often described as the “powerhouses” of our cells, provide the energy required for nearly every biological process known. In the kidney, which is one of the most energy-demanding organs in the body, mitochondria play an especially critical role. Every filtration, reabsorption, and secretion step along the nephron requires a steady supply of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). This demand makes kidney tissue uniquely vulnerable to mitochondrial dysfunction. Further

Andrew Kowalski, MD, FASN Introduction Myo-inositol, a naturally occurring sugar alcohol found in many foods and produced in the human...

Andrew Kowalski, MD, FASN Introduction Recently the New England Journal of Medicine published an article detailing the plague of...